Page 122 - Lifelines Pre-intermediate.Student's book

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Reflecting on Learning

Your aims Using dictionaries
What do you want to achieve in this course? A good dictionary is a great help in studying a language,
a Think about these things. especially outside the class. It can help you with
e Why are you studying English? meaning, spelling, grammar and pronunciation. At pre-
e What things do you need or want to do in English? intermediate level you can use a bilingual dictionary or
b took at this list. an English-English dictionary, like the Oxford Elementary
r Listening r Pronunciation Learner's Dictionary.
r Speaking r Grammar
Look at this extract lrom the Oxford Pocket Spanish
r Reading r Vocabulary Dictionary.
r Writing
What do you think you can do well in English? pronunciation part oI speech translation
What do you flnd difflcult? (z=noun, yt/yi=verb,
Discuss with your partner, and then with the class. a=adiective, etc.)

hcruse /haos/ a i (pl -s /'haazlzl) 1 caia 2 (Teat) sala de
Recording vocabulary especteculos: There was a full house. Se llen6 aI completo.
Loc on the house cofiesia de.la casa Ver tb rr,ovr. ) lhaaz/
A useful way to record vocabulary is to make your own vt a)ojar,falbergar
dictionary.
expressions and phrases example sentences
a Look at the example from a German student's
notebook. What kind of inlormation does he include? It is a good idea to use a dictionary which has this
information, and which uses the IPA to show
: Unitl zoth September pronunciation.

cupboard (n) /'klbadi: 9chrank
Making mistakes
armahair (n) /'orm{ee/: Seeeel - ait in an Mistakes are a natural part of iearning a language.
armchair We make mistakes for several reasons. Here are some
possibilities.
!,o chat (v) lffrtl: plaudern . It's dif{erent from your language.
a ahat (n) - lo have a chat, . It's similar to your language but not exactly the same
='.. o You don't understand the rule.
. It's an exception to the rule.
You can organize your vocabulary records in diflerent
o You don't know, so you guess.
ways. Which of these do you think are useful? Why? Look at your work in this unit. Find flve mistakes that
a by parts of speech (nouns, verbs, etc.)
you made. Why did you make them? Discuss your ideas
a alphabetically
with other members of the class.
a in word {amilies
a in the order that they are in the book
a by situation (e.g. at the shops) Nouns
a by topic (e.g. clothes, money)
a This is the normal pattern of a sentence in English:
, , ,,,l:,1 -. subject verb object
Parts of speech
Jane likes films.
It can be useful to know the parts of speech. They can
My sister Jone loves old, black ond white films.
help you to use a dictionary and a grammar book more
easily. The subject and object are normally nouns or noun
o These are the main parts of speech. phrases.
Nouns often have an article. There are two kinds of
conjunction ve;b adjective pronoun article.
\/\/
Deflnite article the
Whin John siis in his nrl, ,rr, hi smites happily
\\t Indeflnite article a/an, some/any
-
preposition noun adverb Nouns have two forms singular and plural. To
make plurals we usually add -s.
b find examples oi each of these parts of speech in this Exnupr,r
sentence. dog dogs
Sally's young son cut his hand badly, so she took him to
the hospital.

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